At What Age Should Kids Get Cholesterol Checked?

Just like adults, high cholesterol can affect children, too. While many cases can be managed through a healthy lifestyle, early detection and intervention play a vital role in safeguarding children’s heart health and reducing the risk of future complications like coronary artery disease and other heart diseases.

How Common Is High Cholesterol In Kids?

High cholesterol in children is more common than many parents might think. About 1 in 5 adolescents has a cholesterol level out of the healthy range. While cholesterol is essential for building cell membranes and producing hormones, excessive amounts in the blood can narrow or block arteries, potentially increasing the risk of heart disease later in life. Since high cholesterol typically has no symptoms, a simple lipid profile test is the only way to detect it. The test gives information about:

Total cholesterol: Measures the overall amount of cholesterol in the blood, including both LDL and HDL cholesterol
LDL cholesterol: Known as “bad” cholesterol, it primarily contributes to cholesterol buildup and blockages in the arteries
HDL cholesterol: Referred to as “good” cholesterol, HDL cholesterol helps remove cholesterol from the arteries
Non-HDL cholesterol: Calculated by subtracting HDL from total cholesterol, it includes LDL and other types of cholesterol, such as very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Triglycerides: A type of fat in the blood that can increase the risk of heart disease

The healthy levels of cholesterol for anyone aged 19 or younger are as follows:

Type of Cholesterol	Healthy Level
Total Cholesterol	Less than 170 mg/dL
Non-HDL	Less than 120 mg/dL
LDL	Less than 110 mg/dL
HDL	More than 45 mg/dL

Is High Cholesterol In Children Genetic?

High cholesterol in children can be genetic. Familial hypercholesterolemia, an inherited condition, causes very high levels of cholesterol in the blood, which significantly increases the risk of early heart disease. If left untreated, children with this condition may develop plaque buildup in their arteries as early as age 17. However, high cholesterol can also result from an unhealthy diet high in saturated fats, obesity or underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes, kidney disease and certain thyroid disorders. A family history of high cholesterol is a significant risk factor, especially in one or both parents. Early cholesterol testing is crucial to identify these causes and manage risks effectively.

What Age Should Children Start Cholesterol Screening?

Cholesterol screening for children should begin based on age, risk factors and family history. General guidelines recommend:

First test: Between ages 9 and 11
Repeat testing: Every 5 years
Earlier screening (starting at age 2): For children with a family history of high cholesterol (above 240 mg/dL), early cardiovascular disease or other risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure or certain medical conditions

Before the screening, children may need to fast (nothing to eat or drink except water for 12 hours) to determine their lipid profile. All children should have their cholesterol rechecked between ages 17 and 21.

Can High Cholesterol in Kids Be Reversed?

High cholesterol in kids can often be reversed or improved through lifestyle changes such as healthier eating, regular physical activity and weight management. These changes help lower LDL cholesterol and support overall heart health. Medication may be recommended for children with inherited conditions.

In Conclusion

Understanding these factors early helps young people take proactive steps to reduce the risks of chronic diseases. With regular checkups and guidance from healthcare providers, parents can help their children build a healthier future rather than treating heart disease later in life.

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